ALKES ( Medical Instrument Lisence )
In English we know the name / term : Medical - Instruments . If we translate in Indonesian , his name would be : medical instruments medical or health equipment .
In Indonesian we know the name / term : MEDICAL DEVICES or shortened by the name ALKES .
This ALKES broader scope than medical devices . But it will be more complete if this ALKES coupled with tools for investigation , so the name was changed into TOOLS HEALTH & INVESTIGATION or abbreviated name or A2KP AAKP .
1.1 . Definition of Medical Devices According to the Minister of Health regulations . no. 220/Men.Kes/Per/IX/1976 dated 6 September 1976 , the following meanings: MEDICAL DEVICES ( ALKES ) are goods , instruments , apparatus or appliance , including any component , part or equipment that is manufactured , sold or intended for use in :
a. maintenance and health care , diagnosis , cure , mitigation or prevention of a disease , disorder or its symptoms in a state of the human body . b . restoration , repair or alteration of a body function or structure of the human body . c . diagnosis of pregnancy in humans or maintenance during pregnancy and after childbirth , including maintenance baby . d . efforts to prevent pregnancy in humans and that does not include drug classes .
Obviously here yet covered medical equipment used for veterinary and for the investigation .
1.2 . Classification of Medical Devices . ALKES classification can be divided according to a variety of circumstances , in terms of what , for example , by: 1 . function . 2 . the nature of its use . 3 . Kegunaannva . 4 . life of the equipment . 5 . kinds and forms. 6 . catalogs factory tool . 7 . Men.Kes decision . R.1 . no.116/SK/79 . 8 . practicality of storage .
A. Classification by function : a. Medical equipment : - Instruments or equipment such as : X - Ray , ICU , ICCU , Obgyn , Emergency dept , cardiology , operating theater etc . - Utensilien like Nierbekken , appliance pads , urinal , bedpan , catheters etc. . b . Non - medical equipment , such as : kitchen , generator , laundry purposes ( laundry ) , etc. .
B. Classification according to the nature of its use . a. equipment wears out ( consumable ) b . equipment that can be used continuously .
C. Classification according to its usefulness . In accordance with the interests of its use , the equipment can be divided as follows : ENT Equipment , Surgical Equipment , Equipment OBGYN , dental equipment . orthopedic appliances , etc. .
D. Classification according to the age of the equipment . Included here are also systems to eliminate , for example : a. That does not require maintenance or just for the I x life ( disposable ) or consumable ( consumable ) or having " unit cost" low as syringes , pincet . scissors , surgical instruments , blankets etc. . b . Essential tools , or tools with a depreciation period of 5 years as laboratory equipment , operating room equipment , etc. . c . With heavy equipment depreciation period of 5 years or more and is associated with a building where the device is placed as X - Ray tool , sterilizer , b kitchen equipment , washing etc. .
E. Classification according to the kinds and forms. a. small tools and general , such as needles , syringes , surgical instruments , ENT instruments , dental instruments , catheters , orthopedic paragraph . X - ray films etc. . b . Equipment of the hospital , such as the operating table , autoclave . sterilizer , operating lights , dental equipment units etc. . c . laboratory equipment , such as glassware , reagens , diagnostic test kits , etc. . d . fittings radiological / nuclear , such as X - Ray , Scanner etc .
F. Classification according to the catalog - tool manufacturers catalogs a. Of SMIC - PRC : - Dental instruments . - Instruments for acupuncture . - Diagnostic instruments - General surgical instruments - Obstetilk instruments . - ENT instruments . - Hospital equipment . - Instruments injection / penctur . - The tools of the pan to the hospital . - The means of rubber . - Hygienic items such as Gaas , towels , etc. .
b . Aesculap - Germany : - AA : for the purposes of postmortem ( Autopsy Anatomy ) - AB microscopy - AC : Examination - diagnostic tool . - AD : a tool for measuring . - AJ : tools for vaccination . - AN : a tool for anesthesia and laryngoscope . - BA : scalpel , knife . - BB : scalpel handle . - BC : scissors . - BD : - dissecting forceps and tissue . - BF : sponge - washing- seizing tendon organs and foreign body forceps , towel clamps . - BH : bulldog - & arteriklem . - BJ : - peritoneum . - hysterectomy , vaginal and compression- , dissecting forceps & ligatare . - BL : Needles , catgut - silk . - BM : durogrip instruments . - BN : suture clips and tools, pocket instrument set . - BT : wound retractor . - BV : abdominal - , self- retaining retractors . - EA : tools for intestinal and rectal . - EB : antuk tools bile and liver . - EF : tools for urogenital . - EJ : trocar - EL : a vaginal speculum . - EM : tcrine dilator . - EO : uterine forceps . - ER : biopsy instruments and curet . - ET : tools for obstetric - FA tools for tracheotomy . - FB : tool for cardiovascular and thoracic surgery . - FF : trepanation . - FH : a tool for amputation . - FK : elevators . curet bone , raspatories . - FL : hammer , chisel . gauges . - FO : a tool to hold / cut off the bone , finger nail instruments . - FR : handdrill . - GA : electro - motors aurgical . - GF : electro - suction pump . - GK : coagulator - GN : nerve stimulator . - JG : kidney tray , sterilizing forceps . - LX : extension wire , plaster instruments . - SC : syringes - SF : syringe to biopsy . luberculine - insuline syringes . - SH : glycerine syringes . - SJ : injector - SK : adapter . tubing connections . - SL : water syringes . - SR : needle - jarurn .
c . JMS ( Japan Medical Supply ) - Guide to disposable products. 1 . Infusion . 2 . Blood collection and transfusion . 3 . Syringes and needles . 4 . I.V acessories . 5 . l.V. Hyperalimentation . 6 . Feeding systems . 7 . Drainage systems . 8 . Gloves . 9 Clinical examination . 10 . Dialysis . 11 . Miscellaneous .
d . JMC ( Japan Medicai Instrument Catalog) - Japan . 1 . Diagnostic , general , intestinal . 2 . Injection , infusion . 3 . Physical examination , models . 4 . Anesthetic . 5 . Suture needles , suture . 6 . General operating , neurosurgical orthopedic . 7 . Rehabilitation , physical therapy . 8 . Opthalmic . 9 . Ear , nose and throat . 10 . urological . 11 . Gynecologic . obstetric . 12 . X - ray , dark room . 13 . l.C.U. C.C.U. equipments 14 . Ward . 15 . Operating room . 16 . Sterilizing. 17 . Staff wears . 18 . Pharmaceutical . 19 . Post - mortem , dissecting . 20 . Microscope and accessories . 21 . Laboratory. 22 . Rubber goods. disposables . 23 . Glass, polyethylene , porcelain wares .
G. Pengolongan according to the Decree of the Minister of Health no. 116/SK/79 : 1 . Preparations for the maintenance and health care . 2 . Pesicida pesticides and insecticides humans and pets . 3 . Treatment tool used in beauty salons . 4 . And plastic and glass containers for medicine and injection , infusion bottle cap rubber also . 5 . Obstetric equipment and gynecologi . 6 . Anesthetic equipment . 7 . Dental equipment and supplies . 8 . Equipment and supplies T.H.T. 9 . Equipment and supplies eye . 10 . Hospital equipment . 11 . Chemical equipment . 12 . Hematology equipment . 11 Tools Immunology . 14 . Microbiology Equipment . 15 . Pathology Equipment . 16 . Toxicology equipment . 17 . Orthopedic appliances . 18 . Equipment Rehabilitation ( Physical medice ) 19 . Equipment General Surgery and Plastic Surgery . 20 . Cardiology equipment . 21 . Neurology equipment . 22 . Gastro Enterologi equipment and urology . 23 . Radiology equipment .
H. Classification according keprakrisan storage . 1 Maintenance Tools 2 . General medical devices . ( medical instruments ) 3 . Hospital Furniture and equipments . 4 . Glass laboratory equipment . 5 . Dentistry tools . 6 . The means of X - ray & acessories . 7 . Optical instruments . 8 . Surgical instrument ( surgical instruments ) 9 . Lulang surgical tools . 10 . Tool for the investigation . 11 . Equipment veterinary medicine ( veterinary ) 12 . Elektromedis tools .
1.3 . Examples of Medical Devices Below are described some sort of Stethoscope A.1 . Teaching Stethoscope . This is the type Stethoscope chestpiecenya combination with the existence of the privilege of two (2 ) binaural units . Instructors and students alike can listen .
A. 2 . Triplex Stethoscope . This stethoscope has 3 ( three ) pieces of " chest -piece " which can be changed .
A. 3 . Anesthescope . Anesthescope is a stethoscope which chestpiecenya size 5.3 cm . ( see gainbar ) Usefulness to listen to the voices of the weak diruang operation . Anesthesiologists also called a stethoscope . Riester factory producing the ANESTOPHON name .
A.4 . Baby Stethoscope ( INFANTSCOPE ) . Stethoscope is specifically for infants with chest -piece diaphiagma size of about 2.5 cm and 1.9 cm in size Bell type .
A. 5 . Pediatric Stethoscope . Stethoscope to check the children . Chest -piece diaphragm has a size of 3.1 cm and a Bell -type with size of 2.6 cm .
A.6 . MAGNASCOPE . This stethoscope has a size of 5 cm and diaphragm chestpiece Bell type 3.3 cm .
A.7 . Stethoscope CARDIOLOGY . The production plant Stethoscope 3M - USA ( Littmann ) where the " tube " or " slang " Her layered two ( double- lumen ) and a diameter of 4.4 cm and a diaphragm type Bell diameter of 3.1 cm .
A.9 . ELECTRONIC stethoscope . Electronic stethoscope using power tools baterij 6 Volt and the presence amplivier and speaker in the chest -piece . Also equipped with a switch to turn off / turn on and switch baterij search frequency .
A.10 . Littmann Stethoscope . What is meant by Littmann Stethoscope is the Littmann Stethoscope Blood Pressure . Comprising only one diaphragm and chest -piece , weighing only 56 gm and length 71 cm . The colors there are 5 kinds of the chest - piecenya , namely : Blue , Green , Pink, gold and silver color . Privileges and Littmann stethoscope is on the Y - tube which included a per ( spring ) , so it can be attached to both the ear canal is anatomically correct angle .
A.11 . Sphygmomanometer . Sphygmomanometer ( bah. Inggnis ) or Blood Pressure Manometer , known by various names : - Bloeddrukmeter ( bah. Netherlands ) - Sphygmomanometers ( bah. Netherlands ) - Blood Pressure Gauge
Usefulness for measuring blood pressure of the body , how the numbers systole ( when the heart buds ) and how the numbers diastole ( when the heart expands back ) . There are 4 kinds of tools pnguKur blood pressure , ie a. Aneroid sphygmomanometer . b . Mercurial sphygmomanometer . c . Electric sphygmomanometer . d . Automatic sphygmomanometer .
A.11.1 . Aneroid sphygmomanometer . Aneroid means no watering or without water . So Sphygmomanorneter aneroid sphygmomanometer is a device that no water . Before known electric and automatic gauges were also not watery , known mercurial pengukui tool , namely the aqueous ( fluid-filled ) - aqueous mercury ie .
Mat Aneroid sphygmomanometer consists of : - 1 . Bulb or a rubber ball that is equipped with a valve or valves ( ventiles ) - 2 . Cuff and kind of rather thick fabric to fold arms . Cuff Cuff also called . - 3 . Manometer with calibrated 200 mm ( for infants / children ) or 300 mm ( for adults ) .
How to use tool : - Wrap up / tuck upper arm , there is Cuff fitted with hook or HOOK , some are equipped with Velcro Quikuff ( attached itself ) and some are with binder ( Bandage ) . - Ventil closed , then pumped through a rubber bulb or ball . - Putting a stethoscope on the pulse near the elbow . - Remove / open ventiles ( water flow ) slowly . Throbbing pulse is first heard show number systole , then the pulse will increase gradually weakened hardware back sarnpai ultimately lost again . At the time of the pulse is lost , the numbers on the manometer indicates the number of normal diastolic numbers in adults is 120/80 . Aneroid sphygmomanometer tools are often sold in the form of a pocket in the wallet there ritsluitingnya .
A.11.2 . Mercurial sphygmomanometer . Inii tool consisted of a rectangular box-shaped and metal ( metal case ) , or manchet cuff , rubber bulb with ventiles or valve on the bottom of the glass tube bergraduisi , tube contains mercury ( mercury container ) . This tool is the most well-known since a long time and the most severe than others . ( see picture . ) Aesculaap West German factory producing merkurial blood pressure measuring device with the name NOVA PRESSANETER . Factory K.T.K. ( Kamiya Tsusan Kaisha ) Japan produces this kind of tool with patent name : CAMINOMETER . Propper USA factory producing these tools with names : Mercurius ( 300 mm - Hg ) and MERCURETT ( 260 mm Hg ) . In addition to the model table (desk model) , there is also a tool of this kind installed in ternbok ( wall model) or standing on the floor .
A.11.3 . Electric Sphycmomanometer The blood pressure measuring device using batery power or electricity . Terumo factories producing under the name TEST ( Terumo Electric sphygmomanometer ) , which is equipped with a manometer using batery and menyalanya lights as a sign of systole / diastole . Can measure pressures between 20 -300 mm Hg .
UEDA - Japanese factory producing under the name I- HEALTH MINI III . Also wear a manometer , and a rubber bulb pump batery 9 Volt .
A.11.4 . Automatic sphygmomanometer . Tool is also used in fully automatic or electric power without pumping bateriji again ( without the rubber ball " bulb " ) , and is equipped with a pulse - rate and figures Systole / Diastole all reads like seeing digital watch . Yamasu and the National Japanese factory producing under the name DIGITAL AUTOMATIC SPHYGMOMANOMETER and SPHYGMOMANOMETER . Health Factory Top Computer B.P.M. producing under the name : DIGITAL BLOOD PRESSURE MONITOR - . UA Japanese factories produce the newest automatic tool that is fitted on top again with recording paper roll as sipasien totalizer which can store complete data includes the date , number Systole / Diastole , Pulse - rate numbers . Even under normal circumstances . The tool serves as a desk clock .
A.11.5 . Stethoscopic sphygmomanometer . This tool is a unity between sphygmornanometer type stethoscope with aneroid , By CEC - Japanese factory , known also by the name SFIGMONITOR . Type known as the final pitch : HEALTH WATCHER . Propper factory - USA memprodusir by name : AUTOSFIG . |
ALKES 